AUGUST, 1943
Dearest Kitty,
Things are going well on the political front. Italy has banned the Fascist Party. The people are fighting the Fascists in many places -- even the army has joined the fight. How can a country like that continue to wage war against England?
Our beautiful radio was taken away last week. Dussel was very angry at Mr. Kugler for turning it in on the appointed day. Dussel is slipping lower and lower in my estimation, and hes already below zero. hatever he says about politics, history, geography or ything else is so ridiculous that I hardly dare repeat it: Hitler will fade from history; the harbor in Rotterdam is bigger than the one in Hamburg; the English are idiots for not taking the opportunity to bomb Italy to smithereens; etc., etc.
We just had a third air raid. I decided to grit my teeth and practice being courageous.
Mrs. van Daan, the one who always said "Let them fall" and "Better to end with a bang than not to end at all," is the most cowardly one among us. She was shaking like a leaf this morning and even burst into tears. She was comforted by her husband, with whom she recently declared a truce after a week of squabbling; I nearly got
sentimental at the sight.
Mouschi has now proved, beyond a shadow of a doubt, that having a cat has disadvantages as well as advantages. The whole house is crawling with fleas, and its getting worse each day. Mr. Kleiman sprinkled yellow powder in every nook and cranny, but the fleas havent taken the slightest notice. Its making us all very jittery;
were forever imagining a bite on our arms and legs or other parts of our bodies, so we leap up and do a few exercises, since it gives us an excuse to take a better look at our arms or necks. But now were paying the price for having had so little physical exercise; were so stiff we can hardly turn our heads. The real calisthenics fell by the wayside long ago.
Yours, Anne
WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 4,1943
Dearest Kitty,
Now that weve been in hiding for a little over a year, you know a great deal about our lives. Still, I cant possibly tell you everything, since its all so different compared to ordinary times and ordinary people. Nevertheless, to give you a closer look into our lives, from time to time Ill describe part of an ordinary day. Ill start with the evening and night.
Nine in the evening. Bedtime always begins in the Annex with an enormous hustle and bustle. Chairs are shifted, beds pulled out, blankets unfolded -- nothing stays where it is during the daytime. I sleep on a small divan, which is only five feet long, so we have to add a few chairs to make it longer. Comforter, sheets, pillows, blankets:
everything has to be removed from Dussel s bed, where its kept during the day.
In the next room theres a terrible creaking: thats Margots folding bed being set up.
More blankets and pillows, anything to make the wooden slats a bit more comfortable.
Upstairs it sounds like thunder, but its only Mrs. van D.s bed being shoved against the window so that Her Majesty, arrayed in her pink bed jacket, can sniff the night air through her delicate little nostrils.
Nine oclock. After Peters finished, its my turn for the bathroom. I wash myself from head to toe, and more often than not I find a tiny flea floating in the sink (only during the hot months, weeks or days). I brush my teeth, curl my hair, manicure my nails and dab peroxide on my upper lip to bleach the black hairs -- all this in less than half an hour.
Nine-thirty. I throw on my bathrobe. With soap in one hand, and potty, hairpins, panties, curlers and a wad of cotton in the other, I hurry out of the bathroom. The next in line invariably calls me back to remove the gracefully curved but unsightly hairs that Ive left in the sink.
Ten oclock. Time to put up the blackout screen and say good-night. For the next fifteen minutes, at least, the house is filled with the creaking of beds and the sigh of broken springs, and then, provided our upstairs neighbors arent having a marital spat in bed, all is quiet.
Eleven-thirty. The bathroom door creaks. A narrow strip of light falls into the room.
Squeaking shoes, a large coat, even larger than the man inside it . . . Dussel is returning from his nightly work in Mr. Kuglers office. I hear him shuffiing back and forth for ten whole minutes, the rustle of paper (from the food hes tucking away in his cupboard) and the bed being made up. Then the figure disappears again, and the only sound is the occasional suspicious noise from the bathroom.
Approximately three oclock. I have to get up to use the tin can under my bed, which, to be on the safe side, has a rubber mat underneath in case of leaks. I always hold my breath while I go, since it clatters into the can like a brook down a mountainside.
The potty is returned to its place, and the figure in the white nightgown (the one that causes Margot to exclaim every evening, "Oh, that indecent nighty!") climbs back into bed. A certain somebody lies awake for about fifteen minutes, listening to the sounds of the night. In the first place, to hear whether there are any burglars downstairs, and then to the various beds -- upstairs, next door and in my room -- to tell whether the others are asleep or half awake. This is no fun, especially when it concerns a member of the family named Dr. Dussel. First, theres the sound of a fish gasping for air, and this is repeated nine or ten times. Then, the lips are moistened profusely.
This is alternated with little smacking sounds, followed by a long period of tossing and turning and rearranging the pillows. After five minutes of perfect quiet, the same sequence repeats itself three more times, after which hes presumably lulled himself back to sleep for a while.
Sometimes the guns go off during the night, between one and four. Im never aware of it before it happens, but all of a sudden I find myself standing beside my bed, out of sheer habit. Occasionally Im dreaming so deeply (of irregular French verbs or a quarrel upstairs) that I realize only when my dream is over that the shooting has stopped and that Ive remained quietly in my room. But usually I wake up. Then I grab a pillow and a handkerchief, throw on my robe and slippers and dash next door to Father, just the way Margot described in this birthday poem:
When shots rino out in the dark of night, The door creaks open and into sight Come a hanky, a pillow, a figure in white. . .
Once Ive reached the big bed, the worst is over, except when the shooting is extra loud.
Six forty-five. Brrring . . . the alarm clock, which raises its shrill voice at any hour of the day or night, whether you want it to or not. Creak. . . wham. . . Mrs. van D.
turns it off. Screak . . . Mr. van D. gets up, puts on the water and races to the bathroom.
Seven-fifteen. The door creaks again. Dussel can go to the bathroom. Alone at last, I remove the blackout screen . . . and a new day begins in the Annex.
Yours, Anne
THURSDAY, AUGUST 5, 1943
Dearest Kitty,
Today lets talk about the lunch break.
Its twelve-thirty. The whole gang breathes a sigh of relief: Mr. van Maaren, the man with the shady past, and Mr. de Kok have gone home for lunch.
Upstairs you can hear the thud of the vacuum cleaner on Mrs. van D.s beautiful and only rug. Margot tucks a few books under her arm and heads for the class for "slow learners," which is what Dussel seems to be. Pim goes and sits in a corner with his constant companion, Dickens, in hopes of finding a bit of peace and quiet. Mother hastens upstairs to help the busy little housewife, and I tidy up both the bathroom and myself at the same time.
Twelve forty-five. One by one they trickle in: first Mr.
Gies and then either Mr. Kleiman or Mr. Kugler, followed by Bep and sometimes even Miep.
One. Clustered around the radio, they all listen raptly to the BBC. This is the only time the members of the Annex family dont interrupt each other, since even Mr. van Daan cant argue with the speaker.
One-fifteen. Food distribution. Everyone from downstairs gets a cup of soup, plus dessert, if there happens to be any. A contented Mr. Gies sits on the divan or leans against the desk with his newspaper, cup and usually the cat at his side. If one of the three is missing, he doesnt hesitate to let his protest be heard. Mr. Kleiman relates the latest news from town, and hes an excellent source. Mr. Kugler hurries up the stairs, gives a short but solid knock on the door and comes in either wringing his hands or rubbing them in glee, depending on whether hes quiet and in a bad mood or talkative and in a good mood.
One forty-five. Everyone rises from the table and goes about their business. Margot and Mother do the dishes, Mr. and Mrs. van D. head for the divan, Peter for the attic, Father for his divan, Dussel too, and Anne does her homework.
What comes next is the quietest hour of the day; when theyre all asleep, there are no disturbances. To judge by his face, Dussel is dreaming of food. But I dont look at him long, because the time whizzes by and before you know it, itll be 4 P.M. and the pedantic Dr. Dussel will be standing with the clock in his hand because Im one minute ,late clearing off the table.
Yours, Anne
SATURDAY, AUGUST 7, 1943
Dearest Kitty,
A few weeks ago I started writing a story, something I made up from beginning to end, and Ive enjoyed it so much that the products of my pen are piling up.
Yours, Anne
MONDAY, AUGUST 9, 1943
Dearest Kitty,
We now continue with a typical day in the Annex. Since weve already had lunch, its time to describe dinner.
Mr. van Daan. Is served first, and takes a generous portion of whatever he likes.
Usually joins in the conversation, never fails to give his opinion. Once hes spoken, his word is final. If anyone dares to suggest otherwise, Mr. van D. can put up a good fight. Oh, he can hiss like a cat. . . but Id rather he didnt. Once youve seen it, you never want to see it again. His opinion is the best, he knows the most about everything. Granted, the man has a good head on his shoulders, but its swelled to no small degree.
Madame. Actually, the best thing would be to say nothing. Some days, especially when a foul mood is on the way, her face is hard to read. If you analyze the discussions, you realize shes not the subject, but the guilty party! A fact everyone prefers to ignore. Even so, you could call her the instigator. Stirring up trouble, now thats what Mrs. van Daan calls fun. Stirring up trouble between Mrs. Frank and Anne. Margot and Mr. Frank aren t qwte as easy.
But lets return to the table. Mrs. van D. may think she doesnt always get enough, but thats not the case. The choicest potatoes, the tastiest morsel, the tenderest bit of whatever there is, thats Madames motto. The others can all have their turn, as long as I get the best. (Exactly what she accuses Anne Frank of doing.) Her second watchword is: keep talking. As long as somebodys listening, it doesnt seem to occur to her to wonder whether theyre interested. She must think that whatever Mrs. van Daan says will interest everyone.
Smile coquettishly, pretend you know everything, offer everyone a piece of advice and mother them -- thats sure to make a good impression. But if you take a better look, the good impression fades. One, shes hardworking; two, cheerful; three, coquettish -- and sometimes a cute face. Thats Petronella van Daan.
The third diner. Says very little. Young Mr. van Daan is usually quiet and hardly makes his presence known. As far as his appetite is concerned, hes a Danaldean vessel that never gets full. Even after the most substantial meal, he can look you calmly in the eye and claim he could have eaten twice as much.
Number four -- Margot. Eats like a bird and doesnt talk at all. She eats only vegetables and fruit. "Spoiled," in the opinion of the van Daans. "Too little exercise and fresh air," in ours.
Beside her -- Mama. Has a hearty appetite, does her share of the talking. No one has the impression, as they do with Mrs. van Daan, that this is a housewife. Whats the difference between the two? Well, Mrs. van D. does the cooking and Mother does the dishes and polishes the furniture.
Numbers six and seven. I wont say much about Father and me. The former is the most modest person at the table. He always looks to see whether the others have been served first. He needs nothing for himself; the best things are for the children.
Hes goodness personified. Seated next to him is the Annexs little bundle of nerves.
Dussel. Help yourself, keep your eyes on the food, eat and dont talk. And if you have to say something, then for goodness sake talk about food. That doesnt lead to quarrels, just to bragging. He consumes enormous portions, and "no" is not part of his vocabulary, whether the food is good or bad.
Pants that come up to his chest, a red jacket, black patent-leather slippers and horn-rimmed glasses -- thats how he looks when hes at work at the little table, always studying and never progressing. This is interrupted only by his afternoon nap, food and -- his favorite spot -- the bathroom. Three, four or five times a day theres bound to be someone waiting outside the bathroom door, hopping impatiently from one foot to another, trying to hold it in and barely managing. Does Dussel care?
Not a whit. From seven-fifteen to seven-thirty, from twelve-thirty to one, from two to two-fifteen, from four to four-fifteen, from six to six-fifteen, from eleven-thirty to twelve. You can set your watch by them; these are the times for his "regular sessions." He never deviates or lets himself be swayed by the voices outside the door, begging him to open up before a disaster occurs.
Number nine is not part of our Annex family, although she does share our house and table. Hep has a healthy appetite. She cleans her plate and isnt choosy. Heps easy to please and that pleases us. She can be characterized as follows: cheerful, good-humored, kind and willing.
TUESDAY, AUGUST 10, 1943
Dearest Kitty, .
A new idea: during meals I talk more to myself than to the others, which has two advantages. First, theyre glad they dont have to listen to my continuous chatter, and second, I dont have to get annoyed by their opinions. I dont think my opinions are stupid but other people do, so its better to keep them to myself. I apply the same tactic when I have to eat something I loathe. I put the dish in front of me, pretend its delicious, avoid looking at it as much as possible, and its gone before Ive had time to realize what it is. When I get up in the morning, another very disagreeable moment, I leap out of bed, think to myself, "Youll be slipping back under the covers soon," walk to the window, take down the blackout screen, sniff at the crack until I
feel a bit of fresh air, and Im awake. I strip the bed as fast as I can so I wont be tempted to get back in. Do you know what Mother calls this sort of thing? The art of living. Isnt that a funny expression?
Weve all been a little confused this past week because our dearly beloved Westertoren bells have been carted off to be melted down for the war, so we have no idea of the exact time, either night or day. I still have hopes that theyll come up with a substitute, made of tin or copper or some such thing, to remind the neighborhood of the clock.
Everywhere I go, upstairs or down, they all cast admiring glances at my feet, which are adorned by a pair of exceptionally beautiful (for times like these!) shoes. Miep managed to snap them up for 27.50 guilders. Burgundy-colored suede and leather with medium-sized high heels. I feel as if I were on stilts, and look even taller than I already am.
Yesterday was my unlucky day. I pricked my right thumb with the blunt end of a big needle. As a result, Margot had to peel potatoes for me (take the good with the bad), and writing was awkward. Then I bumped into the cupboard door so hard it nearly knocked me over, and was scolded for making such a racket. They wouldnt let me run water to bathe my forehead, so now Im walking around with a giant lump over my right eye. To make matters worse, the little toe on my right foot got stuck in the vacuum cleaner. It bled and hurt, but my other ailments were already causing me so much trouble that I let this one slide, which was stupid of me, because now Im walking around with an infected toe. What with the salve, the gauze and the tape, I cant get my heavenly new shoe on my foot.
Dussel has put us in danger for the umpteenth time. He actually had Miep bring him a book, an anti-Mussolini tirade, which has been banned. On the way here she was knocked down by an SS motorcycle. She lost her head and shouted "You brutes!" and went on her way. I dont dare think what would have happened if shed been taken down to headquarters.
Yours, Anne
A Daily Chore in Our Little Community: Peeling Potatoes!
One person goes to get some newspapers; another, the knives (keeping the best for himself, of course); the third, the potatoes; and the fourth, the water.
Mr. Dussel begins. He may not always peel them very well, but he does peel nonstop,
glancing left and right to see if everyone is doing it the way he does. No, theyre not!
"Look, Anne, I am taking peeler in my hand like so and going from the top to bottom!
Nein, not so . . . but so!”
"I think my way is easier, Mr. Dussel," I say tentatively.
"But this is best way, Anne. This you can take from me. Of course, it is no matter, you do the way you want.”
We go on peeling. I glance at Dussel out of the corner of my eye. Lost in thought, he shakes his head (over me, no doubt), but says no more.
I keep on peeling. Then I look at Father, on the other side of me. To Father, peeling potatoes is not a chore, but precision work. When he reads, he has a deep wrinkle in the back of his head. But when hes preparing potatoes, beans or vegetables, he seems to be totally absorbed in his task. He puts on his potato-peeling face, and when its set in that particular way, it would be impossible for him to turn out anything less than a perfectly peeled potato.
I keep on working. I glance up for a second, but thats all the time I need. Mrs. van D. is trying to attract Dussels attention. She starts by looking in his direction, but Dussel pretends not to notice. She winks, but Dussel goes on peeling. She laughs, but Dussel still doesnt look up. Then Mother laughs too, but Dussel pays them no mind.
Having failed to achieve her goal, Mrs. van D. is obliged to change tactics. Theres a brief silence. Then she says, "Putti, why dont you put on an apron? Otherwise, Ill have to spend all day tomorrow trying to get the spots out of your suit!”
"Im not getting it dirty.”
Another brief silence. "Putti, why dont you sit down? "Im fine this way. I like standing up!”
Silence.
"Putti, look out, du spritzt schon!".* [*Now youre splashing!] "I know, Mommy, but Im being careful.”
Mrs. van D. casts about for another topic. "Tell me, Putti, why arent the British
carrying out any bombing raids today?”
"Because the weathers bad, Kerli!”
"But yesterday it was such nice weather and they werent flying then either.”
"Lets drop the subject.”
"Why? Cant a person talk about that or offer an opinion? "Well, why in the world not?”
"Oh, be quiet, Mammichen!"* [*Mommy] "Mr. Frank always answers his wife.”
Mr. van D. is trying to control himself. This remark always rubs him the wrong way, but Mrs. van D.s not one to quit: "Oh, theres never going to be an invasion!”
Mr. van D. turns white, and when she notices it, Mrs. van D. turns red, but shes not about to be deterred: "The British arent doing a thing!”
The bomb bursts. "And now shut up, Donnerwetter noch mal!* [*For crying out loud!"] Mother can barely stifle a laugh, and I stare straight ahead.
Scenes like these are repeated almost daily, unless theyve just had a terrible fight. In that case, neither Mr. nor Mrs. van D. says a word.
Its time for me to get some more potatoes. I go up to the attic, where Peter is busy picking fleas from the cat.
He looks up, the cat notices it, and whoosh. . . hes gone. Out the window and into the rain gutter.
Peter swears; I laugh and slip out of the room.
Freedom in the Annex Five-thirty. Beps arrival signals the beginning of our nightly freedom. Things get
going right away. I go upstairs with Bep, who usually has her dessert before the rest of us. The moment she sits down, Mrs. van D. begins stating her wishes. Her list usually starts with "Oh, by the way, Bep, something else Id like. . ." Bep winks at me. Mrs. van D. doesnt miss a chance to make her wishes known to whoever comes upstairs. It must be one of the reasons none of them like to go up there.
Five forty-five. Bep leaves. I go down two floors to have a look around: first to the kitchen, then to the private office and then to the coal bin to open the cat door for Mouschi.
After a long tour of inspection, I wind up in Mr. Kuglers office. Mr. van Daan is combing all the drawers and files for todays mail. Peter picks up Boche and the warehouse key; Pim lugs the typewriters upstairs; Margot looks around for a quiet place to do her office work; Mrs. van D. puts a kettle of water on the stove; Mother comes down the stairs with a pan of potatoes; we all know our jobs.
Soon Peter comes back from the warehouse. The first question they ask him is whether hes remembered the bread. No, he hasnt. He crouches before the door to the front office to make himself as small as possible and crawls on his hands and knees to the steel cabinet, takes out the bread and starts to leave. At any rate, thats what he intends to do, but before he knows whats happened, Mouschi has jumped over him and gone to sit under the desk.
Peter looks all around him. Aha, theres the cat! He crawls back into the office and grabs the cat by the tail. Mouschi hisses, Peter sighs. What has he accomplished?
Mouschis now sitting by the window licking herself, very pleased at having escaped Peters clutches. Peter has no choice but to lure her with a piece of bread. Mouschi takes the bait, follows him out, and the door closes.
I watch the entire scene through a crack in the door.
Mr. van Daan is angry and slams the door. Margot and I exchange looks and think the same thing: he must have worked himself into a rage again because of some blunder on Mr. Kuglers part, and hes forgotten all about the Keg Company next door.
Another step is heard in the hallway. Dussel comes in, goes toward the window with an air of propriety, sniffs. . . coughs, sneezes and clears his throat. Hes out of luck -- it was pepper. He continues on to the front office. The curtains are open, which means he cant get at his writing paper. He disappears with a scowl.
Margot and I exchange another glance. "One less page for his sweetheart tomorrow," I
hear her say. I nod in agreement.
An elephants tread is heard on the stairway. Its Dussel, seeking comfort in his favorite spot.
We continue working. Knock, knock, knock. . . Three taps means dinnertime!
MONDAY, AUGUST 23, 1943
Wenn Die Uhr Halb Neune Schlaat . . .* [* When the clock strikes half past eight.] Margot and Mother are nervous. "Shh . . . Father. Be quiet, Otto. Shh . . . Pim! Its eight-thirty.
Come here, you cant run the water anymore. Walk softly!" A sample of whats said to Father in the bathroom. At the stroke of half past eight, he has to be in the living room. No running water, no flushing toilet, no walking around, no noise whatsoever. As long as the office staff hasnt arrived, sounds travel more easily to the warehouse.
The door opens upstairs at eight-twenty, and this is followed by three gentle taps on the floor. . . Annes hot cereal. I clamber up the stairs to get my doggie dish.
Back downstairs, everything has to be done quickly, quickly: I comb my hair, put away the potty, shove the bed back in place. Quiet! The clock is striking eight-thirty! Mrs.
van D. changes shoes and shuffles through the room in her slippers; Mr. van D. too -- a veritable Charlie Chaplin. All is quiet.
The ideal family scene has now reached its high point. I want to read or study and Margot does too. Father and Mother ditto. Father is sitting (with Dickens and the dictionary, of course) on the edge of the sagging, squeaky bed, which doesnt even have a decent mattress. Two bolsters can be piled on top of each other. "I dont need these," he thinks. "I can manage without them!”
Once he starts reading, he doesnt look up. He laughs now and then and tries to get Mother to read a story.
"I dont have the time right now!”
He looks disappointed, but then continues to read.
A little while later, when he comes across another good passage, he tries again: "You
have to read this, Mother!”
Mother sits on the folding bed, either reading, sewing, knitting or studying, whichever is next on her list. An idea suddenly occurs to her, and she quickly says, so as not to forget, "Anne, remember to . . . Margot, jot this down. . . “
After a while its quiet again. Margot slams her book shut; Father knits his forehead, his eyebrows forming a funny curve and his wrinkle of concentration reappearing I at the back of his head, and he buries himself in his book 1 again; Mother starts chatting with Margot; and I get curious and listen too. Pim is drawn into the conversation . . .
Nine oclock. Breakfast!